In the central part of Montana, a vibrant sight has captured the attention of many keen observers and outdoor enthusiasts. Scattered across the landscape, from the river bottoms to the grassy hills and even in the rougher terrains of the Missouri breaks, a bright yellow plant dominates the scenery. It seems to be everywhere one looks, whether traveling down the back roads or driving along the bustling interstate. This conspicuous plant is none other than the yellow-blossom sweet clover, and its proliferation this year has sparked curiosity among hunters and nature lovers alike.
While there may be other yellow plants growing in the region, it is the thriving presence of the sweet clover that has become particularly intriguing. Its significance lies in its potential correlation with big game populations and, more specifically, the growth of their majestic antlers. Anecdotal wisdom passed down through generations hints at a connection between the flourishing sweet clover and an exceptional year for antler development. This belief, bordering on folklore, has piqued my curiosity and led me to delve deeper into the relationship between this remarkable plant and the antlered creatures of Montana.
Yellow Blossomed Sweet Clover: A Sign of Prosperous Antler Growth
The striking presence of yellow blossom sweet clover across Montana's central region is not mere coincidence. This legume, scientifically known as Melilotus Officinalis, is akin to alfalfa, though it is not a true clover. While its appearance may vary from year to year, the growth process of this plant spans two years, with consecutive years of good moisture being crucial for its abundance. During the initial year, the plant focuses on developing a deep-rooted system capable of extracting phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen from subsoils and enriching topsoils. As a cover crop, yellow clover contributes minerals that promote early antler growth. Mature bull elk, for instance, require a daily intake of 16 pounds of dry matter to fulfill their calcium and phosphorus needs for optimal horn growth and body condition.
The Remarkable Second Year Growth
In the second year, the yellow clover exhibits impressive growth, boasting tall stalks and emitting a sweet fragrance from its yellow blossoms. The plant's ability to produce viable seeds that can germinate even after 30-40 years contributes to its resilience and survival during drought years. This resilience ensures that it remains a significant part of wild game diets, making it a popular choice for food plots in the Midwest and beyond.
Enhanced Game Diets and Improved Survival Rates
Yellow blossomed sweet clover constitutes a substantial portion of wild game diets, offering a high protein forage option. With a crude protein value of 15% and a digestible protein value of 10.2%, this plant is easily digestible and provides a valuable source of energy. It is particularly beneficial for calving elk and fawning does, as they require additional energy due to maternal behaviors and lactation. Moreover, fawns need a diet with 20% protein for growth and antler pedicle development. Studies have shown that bucks fed 16% protein after weaning were larger compared to those fed 4-9% protein. Including yellow clover in the diet not only supports horn development but also enables game populations to accumulate more body fat for winter, leading to better survival rates for calves, fawns, and all age groups.
A Promising Sign for Montana's Ecosystem and Hunting Industry
The presence of yellow clover across the central region of Montana signifies positive outcomes for the unpredictable hunting industry. It indicates ample moisture for ranchers and aids in soil replenishment, benefiting game populations and ensuring a healthier environment. This natural phenomenon brings optimism and great prospects for the year ahead, offering hope to all who appreciate the beauty and opportunities central Montana has to offer.
The widespread growth of yellow blossom sweet clover in North Central Montana holds great importance for hunters, shed horn hunters, and wildlife enthusiasts. Not only does this vibrant plant indicate prosperous antler growth, but it also provides a vital protein source for wild game, aiding their overall well-being and winter survival rates. Moreover, yellow clover contributes to soil health and supports the sustainable development of Montana's hunting industry. By understanding the significance of this remarkable plant, we can appreciate its role in enhancing the natural ecosystem and our experiences in the breathtaking landscapes of Montana.